Technology Advances

On the technology front, we introduced several transformative methods. Our SPEC (Solid-Phase Extraction Capture) workflow enables proteomics sample preparation in nanoliter sample volumes resulting in unprecedented sensitivity. It enables the nanoPhos method which brings phosphoproteomics—traditionally requiring substantial material—to single-cell resolution in spatial contexts.

AlphaDIA, published in Nature Biotechnology, pioneers end to end deep learning and applies transfer learning to adjust to new conditions and PTM types, further extending our Bioinformatics toolbox. In the Rust rewrite it has become blazingly fast. We also developed ADAPT-MS, an adaptive machine learning framework that enables clinical decision-making directly from discovery proteomics data without requiring fixed biomarker panels—a paradigm shift for clinical proteomics.

Proteomics Methods

SPEC (Solid-Phase Extraction Capture) Heymann T, Oliinyk D, Henneberg L, et al. bioRxiv. 2025.05.31.657165
Nanoliter-volume workflow for fast, robust and ultrasensitive proteomics enabling unprecedented sensitivity from minimal sample input.
PCA-N Workflow for Plasma Proteomics Albrecht V, Müller-Reif JB, Brennsteiner V, Mann M Mol Cell Proteomics. 2025 Nov;24(11):101071
Simplified perchloric acid workflow enabling deep plasma proteomics at population scale with >10,000 samples per day throughput.
nanoPhos enables ultra-sensitive and cell-type resolved spatial phosphoproteomics Oliinyk D, Heymann T, Henneberg L, et al. bioRxiv. 2025.05.29.656770
Ultra-sensitive cell-type resolved spatial phosphoproteomics enabling signaling analysis at single-cell resolution in tissues.
PASEF Workflow Protocol Skowronek P, Wallmann G, Wahle M, Willems S, Mann MNat Protoc. 2025 Jun;20(6):1700-1729
Accessible step-by-step protocol for high-sensitivity proteomics using parallel accumulation-serial fragmentation.
Stellar MS for Biomarker Translation Wahle M, Remes PM, Albrecht V, et al., Mann MMol Cell Proteomics. 2025 Sep;24(9):101050
Novel hybrid high-speed mass spectrometer enables rapid translation from biomarker candidates to targeted clinical tests using 15N-labeled proteins.
Pre-Analytical Drivers of Bias in Plasma Proteomics Korff K, Müller-Reif JB, et al., Mann M, Geyer PEEMBO Mol Med. 2025 Nov;17(11):3174-3196
Systematic evaluation of plasma proteomics workflows reveals susceptibility to cellular contamination and provides framework for quality control.

Bioinformatics and Software

AlphaDIA enables DIA transfer learning for feature-free proteomics Wallmann G, Skowronek P, Brennsteiner V, et al., Mann M Nat Biotechnol. 2025 Oct 21
End-to-end transfer learning enabling feature-free proteomics with dramatically improved identification rates.
An adaptive, continuous-learning framework for clinical decision-making from proteome-wide biofluid data Müller-Reif JB, Albrecht V, et al., Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Mann M In press at Nature Communications
Adaptive diagnostic framework for clinical proteomics enabling personalized testing from plasma and CSF.
An adaptive, continuous-learning framework for clinical decision-making from proteome-wide biofluid data Mädler SC, Schmacke NA, Palma A, et al., Theis FJ, Mann M bioRxiv. 2025.09.22.677590
Software package for generation, storage and application of single-cell image datasets enabling multimodal analysis.
Tree-based quantification infers proteoform regulation in bottom-up proteomics data Ammar C, Thielert M, Weiss CAM, et al., Mann M bioRxiv. 2025.03.06.641844
Novel computational approach to infer proteoform regulation from bottom-up proteomics data.
Multimodal AI agents for capturing and sharing laboratory practice Skowronek P, Nawalgaria A, Mann M Mol Syst Biol. 2025 Dec
Multimodal AI agents for capturing and sharing tacit laboratory practice through video, speech, and text analysis.

High-Throughput Applications

Our Deep Visual Proteomics (DVP) platform continued to yield biological insights with clinical relevance. In collaboration with clinical partners, we revealed why some patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency develop severe liver disease while others remain healthy.

Disease Biology and Spatial Proteomics

Deep Visual Proteomics maps proteotoxicity in a genetic liver disease Rosenberger FA, Mädler SC, et al., Mann M Nature. 2025 Apr 16
Deep Visual Proteomics reveals why some patients with the hereditary liver disease remain healthy while others develop severe pathology.
Single cell spatial proteomics maps human liver zonation patterns and their vulnerability to fibrosis Weiss CAM, Brown LA, Miranda L, et al., Rosenberger FA, Mann M bioRxiv. 2025.04.13.648568
Single cell spatial proteomics maps human hepatocyte zonation patterns and their vulnerability to fibrosis.
Colon Organoid Models Post F, Hausmann A, et al., Mann MCell Syst. 2025 Sep 17;16(9):101396
DVP reveals in vivo-like phenotype upon xenotransplantation of human colon organoids.
Pancreatic Islet Cell Diversity Thielert M, Villalba A, et al., Mann M, Scharfmann RCommun Biol. 2025 Oct 17;8(1):1483
Cell type-resolved proteomics and phosphoproteomics decode adult murine pancreatic islet cell diversity.
Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Kabatnik S, Zheng X, et al., Mann MNPJ Precis Oncol. 2025 Feb 5;9(1):37
DNA replication stress identified as a hallmark of signet ring cell carcinoma through DVP.
Tumor-Immune Crosstalk Zheng X, Mund A, Mann MMol Cell. 2025 Mar 6;85(5):1008-1023.e7
Deciphering functional tumor-immune crosstalk through highly multiplexed imaging and deep visual proteomics.

We continue to work on bringing large-scale proteomics studies to the patients and into the clinic. Beyond the ADAPT-MS framework, we also established a new framework for studying rare diseases. Our ontology-guided clustering approach enables meaningful proteomic analysis even when individual conditions affect only a handful of patients—opening the door to systematic study of the thousands of rare pediatric disorders that collectively affect millions of children worldwide.

Clinical and Population Proteomics

Plasma proteome variation and its genetic determinants in children and adolescents Niu L, Stinson SE, Holm LA, et al., Mann M Nat Genet. 2025 Feb 19
Comprehensive proteomic profiling of 2,147 children revealing associations with age, sex, puberty, BMI, and genetics.
Ontology-guided clustering enables proteomic analysis of rare pediatric disorders Itang ECM, Albrecht V, et al., Mann M, Pangratz-Fuehrer S, Mueller-Reif JB EMBO Mol Med. 2025 Jul;17(7):1842-1867
Framework integrating clinical ontologies with proteomics enables analysis of 394 rare pediatric conditions from 1,140 patients.

Major Collaborations

We were involved in multiple successfull collaborations, contributing with our expertise in MS-technologies and bioinformatics. In particular, our long-standing collaboration with Ernst Lengyel at the University of Chicago produced multiple high-impact papers on ovarian cancer, including the identification of NNMT as a therapeutic target in cancer-associated fibroblasts (Nature) and comprehensive spatial mapping of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs), revealing that ovarian cancer precursors are far more common than previously recognized.

Ovarian Cancer

Spatial proteo-transcriptomic profiling reveals the molecular landscape of borderline ovarian tumors and their invasive progression Schweizer L, Kenny HA, et al., Mann M, Lengyel E Cancer Cell. 2025 Jun 20
Spatial proteo-transcriptomics reveals molecular landscape of borderline ovarian tumors. Identified 16 drug targets; combination therapy achieved significant tumor reduction.
Integration of cell-type resolved spatial proteomics and transcriptomics reveals novel mechanisms in early ovarian cancer Metousis A, Kenny HA, Shimizu A, et al., Mann M, Lengyel E medRxiv. 2025.08.25.25333715
Integration of cell-type resolved spatial proteomics and transcriptomics reveals novel mechanisms including SUMOylation activation and ATR signaling.
NNMT inhibition in cancer-associated fibroblasts restores antitumour immunity Heide J, Bilecz AJ, et al., Mann M, ..., Lengyel E Nature. 2025 Sep;645(8082):1051-1059
NNMT inhibitor reduces tumor burden by reprogramming cancer-associated fibroblasts and restoring immune checkpoint blockade efficacy.
3D Multi-omic Mapping of Fallopian Tubes (STIC) Metousis A, et al., Mann M, Lengyel EbioRxiv. 2025.09.21.677628
Spatially resolved multi-omics framework identifies 99 STICs and precursors in cancer-free organ donors, revealing high incidence of ovarian cancer precursors.

E3 ligases – Brenda Schulman (MPI of Biochemistry)

C-terminal amides mark proteins for degradation via SCF-FBXO31 Muhar MF#, Farnung J#, Cernakova M, Hofmann R, Henneberg LT, Pfleiderer MM, Denoth-Lippuner A, Kalčic F, Nievergelt AS, Peters Al-Bayati M, Sidiropoulos ND, Beier V, Mann M, Jessberger S, Jinek M, Schulman BA, Bode JW, Corn JE Nature. 2025 Feb;638(8050):519-527
Cysteine availability tunes ubiquitin signaling via inverse stability of LRRC58 E3 ligase and its substrate CDO1 Andree GA#, Stier L#, Schmiederer K, Thielen A, Schmid L, Maiwald SA, Du J, von Gronau S, Strasser C, Mueller J, Henneberg LT, Guyot C, Kleiger G, Mann M, Murray PJ & Schulman BA bioRxiv. 2025.11.14.688510

Clinical Proteomics - Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen (Copenhagen)

Diagnostic potential of proteomics in Lyme disease Nielsen AB, Fjordside L, Drici L, et al.Nat Commun. 16, 9322 (2025)
This report highlights the potential of proteomics to inform Machine Learning-assisted diagnostics.

Other Key Collaborations

GPX4 and Ferroptosis in Neurodegeneration Lorenz SM, et al., Mann M, ..., Conrad MCell. 2025 Dec (with Marcus Conrad, Helmholtz Munich)
A fin-loop-like structure in GPX4 underlies neuroprotection from ferroptosis. Proteomics revealed Alzheimer's-like signatures.
LRRK2 and Crohn's Disease/Colitis Heaton GR, et al., Mann M, ..., Yue ZJ Clin Invest. 2025 Oct (with Zhenyu Yue, Mount Sinai)
Targeting specific LRRK2 kinase substrates rescues colitis severity caused by Crohn's disease-linked variant.

Clinical Impact Highlight

JAK Inhibitors for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Our 2024 Nature publication (Nordmann TM et al.) on spatial proteomics identifying JAK inhibitors as treatment for toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) – a lethal skin disease – has had immediate clinical impact in 2025. Off-label use of JAK inhibitors in the first patients worldwide led to complete recovery.

“To our knowledge, this is the first time a spatial omics technology has made an immediate and tangible impact in the clinic, by identifying a treatment that has already changed people’s lives for the good.”

– Matthias Mann

Training and Recognition

Our commitment to training the next generation of scientists was reflected in the successful graduation of four PhD students this year, each of whom made significant contributions to our research program and are now launching careers in academia and industry.

The laboratory’s contributions to science were recognized with Mattias Mann’s election to the United States National Academy of Sciences, one of the highest honors in scientific research.

Publication Summary by Journal

Journal Count Topics
Nature 2 Liver disease (DVP), Review
Nature Biotechnology 1 AlphaDIA transfer learning
Nature Genetics 1 Pediatric plasma proteome
Nature Protocols 1 PASEF workflow
Nature Communications 1 ADAPT-MS (in press)
Cancer Cell 1 Ovarian cancer progression (w/ Lengyel)
Cell Systems 1 Colon organoid DVP
EMBO Mol Med 2 Rare pediatric disorders, Pre-analytical bias
Molecular Cell 1 Tumor-immune crosstalk
Mol Cell Proteomics 2 PCA-N plasma, Stellar MS
Commun Biol 1 Pancreatic islet cells
NPJ Precision Oncol 1 Signet ring cell carcinoma
Mol Syst Biol 1 AI laboratory agents